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Questions
10.
According to Kurtais, what are the three components of cognitive-behavioral treatment?
11.
What does a clinician need to effectively utilize during group therapy in order to enhance treatment effectiveness and patient satisfaction in cognitive-behavioral treatment for chronic pain?
12.
What style of trained questioning used in cognitive interventions gently probes for patient meanings and stimulates alternative viewpoints or ideas?
13.
According to Buenaver et al., what is the rationale behind self-help cognitive-behavioral therapy?
14.
Under what two concepts is psychosocial pain research carried out?
15.
What mechanism of pain can lead to a re-activation of childhood feelings of helplessness which, in turn, leads to severe psychosocial crisis?
16.
What is one of the most researched variables of pain that influences pain intensity and physical / psychosocial disability?
17.
What is the assumption of cognitive models of pain?
18.
Why is it that certain patients when referred for psychological treatment (for a pain problem), may not attend the sessions or follow through with homework assignments or practice recommendations that are often a part of these psychological approaches?
19.
What are the four psychologic factors of Mr. H’s pain? |
Answers
A. coping and coping strategies.
B. (a) psychodynamic; and (b) behavioral medicine concepts
C. 1) An educational phase; to help patients to understand the effects of thoughts, beliefs, expectations and behaviors on their symptoms (biopsychosocial model). 2) A skills training phase; patients are emphasized on cognitive and behavioral strategies for coping pain. 3) An application phase; patients learn to apply cognitive and behavioral skills to real life situations. In this phase relapse prevention is aimed.
D. The effective utilization of the group process can enhance treatment effectiveness and patient satisfaction in cognitive-behavioral treatments for chronic pain.
E. One reason for this apparent resistance may be the belief that seeing a psychologist for pain problems amounts to an admission that their pain is "in the head" and not real.
F. "Socratic dialogue" or "guided recovery"
G. The narcissism mechanism
H. The assumption of cognitive models of pain is that cognitive activity and an individual’s emotional distress or behavioral difficulty is not a direct reaction to an untoward life event but rather a consequence of how that event is perceived.
I. The gate control theory explicitly acknowledges the roles of cognitive-evaluative and affective motivational processes, in addition to sensory- discriminative or nociceptive input, in determining an individual’s perception of pain. The biopsychosocial model provides a more general framework for explaining the interrelationship among biologic, psychological, and social influences on individual’s experience of illness.
J. (1) significant fear-avoidance, (2) does not pace his activities to adjust for his pain, (3) coping skills are passive and rely heavily on resting and taking analgesic medications, and (4) prior history of depression. |
