Questions:
15.1 Which type of adolescent sex offenders are often in an emotionally repressive and rigidly enmeshed family, whose sexual offenses are highly repetitive and compulsive in nature, and whose motivation is the alleviation of anxiety?
15.2 What type of adolescent sex offender is likely to be a younger adolescent with little or no previous delinquent history who engages in the sexual offense while in the company of a peer group and whose motivation is likely to be peer pressure and the desir
15.3 Which type of offender is characterized by chronic social isolation, lacks social skills, and is motivated to offend by a need for greater self-importance and intimacy?
15.4 Which type of offender is sexually inexperienced and engaged in a limited number of sexually exploratory acts with a younger child?
15.5 Which type of offender's sexual offenses are likely to be chronic and include manipulation, rewards, or other enticements?
16.1 According to authors Ryan, Lane, Davis, and Isaac, what level of confrontation should a counselor use against an adolescent sex offender and why?
16.2 What are seven things that a counselor might do during an intervention with an adolescent sex offender?
17.1 What are factors that have been highlighted as pertinent in families where sibling sexual abuse occurs?
17.2 What does the Persons Act of 1998 require a child to do if he has sexually abused a sibling?
17.3 What are examples of the implications of sibling sexual abuse that professional practices face?
17.4 Children who are over the age of ten and have sexually abused a sibling is subject to what?
18.1 What did a study by Glasglow, Horne, Calam, and Cox of all instances of sexual abuse report in Liverpool during a 12-month period?
18.2 In studies of intrafamilial abuse, what did Pierce and Pierce discover about abusers?
18.3 What must be taken into consideration when determining what is abusive behavior between children and young people who sexually abuse other children?
20.1 What is the motivation of rape according to the clearest implication of evolutionary theory?
20.2 What is the social science explanation of rape?
20.3 What do authors Thornhill and Palmer agree about with social scientists?
20.4 What does the evolutionary model say about rape?
21.1 According to the author, what should be included in a program designed for anti-rape education?
21.2 What should be included in a program to educate men about rape?
21.3 What did evolutionary psychologist Nigel Barber find in his research as he examined dress length and other factors affecting skin exposure in women’s fashion in the west?
22.1 According to John Dilulio, a Princeton University criminologist, what are “superpredators”?
22.2 According to an experiment designed by psychologists Renee Primus and Carol Kellogg, what did they learn about testosterone that they tested through mice and their environment?
22.3 According to Elizabeth Susman, what is associated with delinquent behavior, adjustment problems, and rebelliousness in adolescent boys between the ages of ten to fourteen?
22.4 At approximately what age do testosterone levels in boys begin to surge?
23.1 According to the National Institute of Justice, what is the best evidence of those children who are at a greater risk of arrest for a violent crime later in life?
23.2 What is to be said about parents who have children that are aggressive?
23.3 Why can children with slow-to-arouse, fearless temperament be easily mismanaged into antisocial tyrants?
23.4 What social problem occurs when a child has poor emotional understanding?
23.5 What strategies do social experts use to teach social skills to children to need help?
24.1 What is a flaw in Shield and Shield's argument that in sex, males report feelings of tenderness, affection, joy and so on?
24.2 What is a flaw with Brownmiller's argument that rape is not sexually motivated, but in fact premeditated?
24.3 What is the flaw with Groth and Hobson's argument that a male's likelihood of committing rape diminishes with the onset of middle age?
25.1 Of the total instances of violent crime, which is considered to be most common?
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Answers:
A. Group-influenced offender
AA. Because their sluggish, sympathetic nervous systems assign lower emotional values to negative events making them seem impervious to punishment; they are more interested in rewards, but the motivational power of candy and gold stars eventually pales in contrast to the thrill of conflict; and intellectually these children may come to recognize that a system of rules govern social conduct but the rules don’t hold much meaning to them
B. Sexual compulsive offender
BB. Parents who are preoccupied, incompetent, or negligent
C. Naïve experimenter
CC. Visual aids (such as charts and story boards); videos illustrating appropriate behavior; modeling; and role modeling
D. The undersocialized child exploiter
DD. Children wont be able to figure out how to tailor their behavior to mesh with others and their negligence often results in inappropriate reactions to emotional situations
E. Must bring the offender to a level of personal discomfort sufficient to stimulate disclosure and facilitate change
EE. Many planned affairs, rendezvous and seductions are considered to be sexually motivated
F. Under-socialized child exploiter
FF. According to Hagen, sex is self evident and that a large percentage of males have no difficulty in divorcing sex from love
G. Domestic violence, lack of parental emotional connection and supervision, and problems across intergenerational boundaries
GG. Violence in the home
H. Offender's denial must be confronted and admitted, understand the impact of the assault on the victim, develop insight into specific motives and events that precipitated the offense, focus on the offender's own victimization experiences, educate them about human sexuality, sexual values, and sex roles, deviant arousal patterns must be changed and cognitive restructuring on destructive beliefs and myths regarding sexual abuse of children and rape
HH. The peak age distribution of rapists is perfectly consistent with the view that rapists are sexually motivated, since it closely parallels the age distribution of numerous other types of male sexual activity and of maximum male sexual motivation in general.
I. Professionals might minimize, blame, or disbelieve victims of sibling sexual abuse; professionals need to throw off the legacy that sibling sexual abuse is only a game of ‘I’ll show you mine if you show me yours’; they need to recognize that sibling abuse does occur, it is abusive and has harmful effects on its victims
J. If under age of fourteen he must attend a therapeutic program relating to sexually abusive behaviors and parents must take whatever steps are necessary to enable a child to participate in a treatment program
K. Over one-third of all alleged perpetrators were seventeen years of age or younger
L. Criminal proceedings which can open the way for treatment under the juvenile justice system
M. Abuse of power; differentiating ‘power’ according to age, gender difference, physical size; sexual awareness, psychological awareness and understanding of the act
N. Almost always the abuser were themselves victims of abuse (63% had been physically abused, 47% sexually abused, and 30% neglected
O. One specific way in which males in some cultures are taught of rape is through the viewing of violent pornography which inspires imitative behavior
P. The differences between male and female sexuality, that is, the evolved psychological adaptation that produce male sexual motivation are necessary proximate causes of rape
Q. That the human brain is a bundle of numerous specialized adaptations created by specific, evolved gene-environment interactions during their ontogeny, and after their ontogenetic construction, these adaptations interact with specific aspects of the environment to produce rape
R. That males should be educated not to use force or the threat of force to obtain sex; but they also suggest that educational programs aimed to preventing rape would be much more successful if they would focus on the goal that motivates males to use such tactics
S. Acknowledge the power of their sexual impulses, explain why human males have evolved to be that way, explain why he may make the mistake that a woman’s friendly comment or her tight clothing is an invitation to having sex when it is probably the last thing on her mind, and that his sexual desires off her no excuse whatsoever for raping a woman or harming the interests of another person in any other way
T. Explanation of male sexual adaptations, instruction in self-defense, and point out the identification of characteristics that are associated with high levels of risk for sexual coercion
U. Kids under eighteen who are thought to account for 25 percent of the violent crime in our country
V. Women’s dress follows patterns that can be predicted on the basis of whether sexual competition is more favorable for women or for men and that when men outnumber women and have sufficient wealth to invest in women, the styles of dress that depict sexual inaccessibility are most popular with women
W. Lower, not higher, testosterone levels
X. Testosterone does not simply release or drive social behavior, but governs the ability to match key features of the environment with specific responses
Y. Children who have been abused or neglected
Z. At age ten, it then rises rapidly over the next several years and begins to plateau at around the age of fourteen when aggressive behavior starts winding up
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